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实验7.4:RS232串口应用实例
设计要求:
通过串口发送接收数据(串口工作方式1)
实现思路:
定时器设置
串口设置
工作方式
波特率
开启定时/计数器
串口执行
接收数据
发送数据
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实现代码:
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 main() 3 { 4 TMOD = 0x20; 5 SM0 = 0; 6 SM1 = 1; 7 REN = 1; 8 PCON = 0; 9 TH1 = 0xFD; //253=256-(1*11.0592*10^6)/(384*9600) 10 TL1 = 0xFD; 11 TR1 = 1; 12 P1 = SBUF; 13 while(!RI); 14 RI = 0; 15 SBUF = P1; 16 while(!TI); 17 TI = 0; 18 }
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实验7.5:MAX487多机通信应用实例
设计要求:
在主从3个单片机中进行双机通信,当从机显示的数字和主机相同,则表示该主机和从机正在通信。按下主机按键切换当前对象。
实现思路:
主机端
在主机中设置定时器和串口参数,并一直保持发送数据的状态。
通过MAX487芯片将3个单片机连接,并通过设置/RE、DE管脚控制单片机输入输出状态。
需要按下主机按键时检测按键状态,切换当前对象,设置中断,并标记此时状态是从机1或从机2。
//中断发生时按照中断优先级,主机先执行cort++并发送信息,主机中断结束后才进入从机中断。
如果是从机1,输出状态下发送对应数字,输入状态下设置单片机通信(非多机通信)接收并显示对应数字,重置输出状态。从机2同理。
从机端
设置与主机相同的串口参数和定时器和默认显示值。允许接收中断
当按键被按下,判断主机要通信的是否是自己,是则显示对应数字并向主机发送数字,否则重置状态。
执行流程:(多机通信模式)
主机
从机
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实现代码:SM2=1,多机通信模式!
主机
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 #include <intrins.h> 3 unsigned char cort = 0; 4 sbit P3_5 = P3 ^ 5; 5 key_serial() interrupt 0 using 1 6 { 7 ++cort; 8 if (cort == 3) 9 cort = 1; 10 } 11 void main() 12 { 13 P2 = 0xff; 14 TMOD = 0x20; 15 TH1 = 0xFD; 16 TL1 = 0xFD; 17 PCON = 0x00; 18 TR1 = 1; 19 SCON = 0xF8; 20 EA = 1; 21 EX0 = 1; 22 IT0 = 1; 23 P3_5 = 1; 24 while(1) 25 { 26 if (cort == 1) 27 { 28 SBUF = 0x01; 29 while(TI != 1); 30 TI = 0; 31 P3_5 = 0; 32 RB8 = 1; 33 while(RI != 1); 34 RI = 0; 35 P2 = SBUF; 36 P3_5 = 1; 37 } 38 if(cort == 2) 39 { 40 SBUF = 0x02; 41 while(TI != 1); 42 TI = 0; 43 P3_5 = 0; 44 RB8 = 1; 45 while(RI != 1); 46 RI = 0; 47 P2 = SBUF; 48 SM2 = 1; 49 P3_5 = 1; 50 } 51 52 } 53 }
从机1
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 #include <intrins.h> 3 sbit P3_5 = P3 ^ 5; 4 void serial(void) interrupt 4 using 1 5 { 6 ES = 0; 7 RI = 0; 8 if (SBUF == 0x01) 9 { 10 P3_5 = 1; 11 RI = 0; 12 TB8 = 1; 13 P1 = 0x10; 14 SBUF = 0x10; 15 while(!TI); 16 TI = 0; 17 } 18 else P1 = 0; 19 P3_5 = 0; 20 ES = 1; 21 } 22 void main() 23 { 24 P1 = 0x00; 25 TMOD = 0x20; 26 TH1 = 0xFD; 27 TL1 = 0xFD; 28 PCON = 0x00; 29 TR1 = 1; 30 SCON = 0xF0; 31 EA = 1; 32 ES = 1; 33 P3_5 = 0; 34 while(1) 35 _nop_(); 36 }
从机2
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 #include <intrins.h> 3 sbit P3_5 = P3 ^ 5; 4 void serial() interrupt 4 using 1 5 { 6 ES = 0; 7 RI = 0; 8 if (SBUF == 0x02) 9 { 10 P3_5 = 1; 11 RI = 0; 12 TB8 = 1; 13 P1 = 0x20; 14 SBUF = 0x20; 15 while(!TI); 16 TI = 0; 17 } 18 else P1 = 0; 19 P3_5 = 0; 20 ES = 1; 21 } 22 void main() 23 { 24 P1 = 0x00; 25 TMOD = 0x20; 26 TH1 = 0xFD; 27 TL1 = 0xFD; 28 PCON = 0x00; 29 TR1 = 1; 30 SCON = 0xF0; 31 EA = 1; 32 ES = 1; 33 P3_5 = 0; 34 while(1) 35 _nop_(); 36 }
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实现代码:SM2=0,单机通信模式!
主机
1 #include <reg52.h> 2 unsigned char cort = 0; 3 sbit P3_5 = P3 ^ 5; 4 void key_serial() interrupt 0 using 1 5 { 6 ++cort; 7 } 8 void main() 9 { 10 P2 = 0x0f; 11 TMOD = 0x20; 12 TH1 = 0xFD; 13 TL1 = 0xFD; 14 PCON = 0x00; 15 TR1 = 1; 16 SCON = 0xD0; 17 EA = 1; 18 EX0 = 1; 19 IT0 = 1; 20 P3_5 = 1; 21 while(1) 22 { 23 if (cort == 1) 24 { 25 SBUF = 0x01; 26 while(!TI); 27 TI = 0; 28 P3_5 = 0; 29 while(!RI); 30 RI = 0; 31 P2 = SBUF; 32 P3_5 = 1; 33 } 34 if(cort == 2) 35 { 36 SBUF = 0x02; 37 while(!TI); 38 TI = 0; 39 P3_5 = 0; 40 while(!RI); 41 RI = 0; 42 P2 = SBUF; 43 P3_5 = 1; 44 } 45 if (cort == 3) 46 cort = 1; 47 } 48 }
从机1
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 #include <intrins.h> 3 sbit P3_5 = P3 ^ 5; 4 void serial(void) interrupt 4 using 1 5 { 6 ES = 0; 7 RI = 0; 8 P2 = SBUF; 9 if (SBUF == 0x01) 10 { 11 P3_5 = 1; 12 P1 = 0x10; 13 SBUF = 0x30; 14 while(!TI); 15 TI = 0; 16 } 17 else P1 = 0; 18 P3_5 = 0; 19 ES = 1; 20 } 21 void main() 22 { 23 P1 = 0x00; 24 TMOD = 0x20; 25 TH1 = 0xFD; 26 TL1 = 0xFD; 27 PCON = 0x00; 28 TR1 = 1; 29 SCON = 0xD0; 30 EA = 1; 31 ES = 1; 32 P3_5 = 0; 33 while(1) 34 _nop_(); 35 }
从机2:略
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关于该实验在多机通信和单机通信下不同情况的讨论
在单机通信模式下,SM2 == 0,
初始化:SCON = D0;
发送完毕:TI=0;
接收完毕:RI=0;
中断触发条件:RI=0且SM2=0,RI置位
此情况下,发送和接收信息结束后需要对RI和TI手动置为0即可。
在多机通信模式下,SM2在0和1之间调整
初始化:主机:SCON = F8;从机:SCON = F0;
中断触发条件:接收到的第九位RB9==1,RI置位(如果RB8=0,RI就会等于0,就不能进入接收中断,自然丢失信息了。)
51单片机原理及应用(陈海宴)书P129案例是在主机发送状态下使用多机通信,接收状态下使用单机通信,在理解上容易出现错误,过程分析及代码如下:
实现代码:
主机:
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 #include <intrins.h> 3 unsigned char cort = 0; 4 sbit P3_5 = P3 ^ 5; 5 key_serial() interrupt 0 using 1 6 { 7 ++cort; 8 } 9 void main() 10 { 11 P2 = 0xff; 12 TMOD = 0x20; 13 TH1 = 0xFD; 14 TL1 = 0xFD; 15 PCON = 0x00; 16 TR1 = 1; 17 SCON = 0xF8; 18 EA = 1; 19 EX0 = 1; 20 IT0 = 1; 21 P3_5 = 1; 22 while(1) 23 { 24 if (cort == 1) 25 { 26 SBUF = 0x01; 27 while(TI != 1); 28 TI = 0; 29 P3_5 = 0; 30 SM2 = 0; 31 while(RI != 1); 32 RI = 0; 33 P2 = SBUF; 34 SM2 = 1; 35 P3_5 = 1; 36 } 37 if(cort == 2) 38 { 39 SBUF = 0x02; 40 while(TI != 1); 41 TI = 0; 42 P3_5 = 0; 43 SM2 = 0; 44 while(RI != 1); 45 RI = 0; 46 P2 = SBUF; 47 SM2 = 1; 48 P3_5 = 1; 49 } 50 if (cort == 3) 51 cort = 1; 52 SM2 = 1; 53 } 54 }
从机1:
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 #include <intrins.h> 3 sbit P3_5 = P3 ^ 5; 4 void serial(void) interrupt 4 using 1 5 { 6 ES = 0; 7 RI = 0; 8 if (SBUF == 0x01) 9 { 10 P3_5 = 1; 11 SM2 = 0; 12 P1 = 0x10; 13 SBUF = 0x10; 14 while(!TI); 15 TI = 0; 16 } 17 else P1 = 0; 18 SM2 = 1; 19 P3_5 = 0; 20 ES = 1; 21 } 22 void main() 23 { 24 P1 = 0x00; 25 TMOD = 0x20; 26 TH1 = 0xFD; 27 TL1 = 0xFD; 28 PCON = 0x00; 29 TR1 = 1; 30 SCON = 0xF0; 31 EA = 1; 32 ES = 1; 33 P3_5 = 0; 34 while(1) 35 _nop_(); 36 }
从机2:略